Flowers, L. A. (2003). Differences in self-reported intellectual and social gains between African American and White college students at predominantly White institutions: Implications for student affairs professionals. Journal of Student Affairs Research and Practice, 41(1), 68-84. This study examined the extent to which racial differences existed in self-reported intellectual and social gains… Continue Reading Differences in self-reported intellectual and social gains between African American and White college students at predominantly White institutions: Implications for student affairs professionals